a = 256
b = 256
print(a is b)  # True

c = 257
d = 257
print(c is d)  # True or False !?!?

# デフォルト引数に空のリストを設定した関数
def append_to_list(value, my_list=[]):
    my_list.append(value)
    return my_list

print(append_to_list(1))  # [1]
print(append_to_list(2))  # [1, 2] (???)
print(append_to_list(3))  # [1, 2, 3] (!!!)

# a のリストをコピーして新しいリスト b を作ってみよう
a = [1, 2, 3]
b = a
a += [4, 5]
print(a)  # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(b)  # [1, 2, 3] or [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] ?!?

a = [1, 2, 3]
b = a
a = a + [4, 5]  # 新しいリストが作られる
print(a)  # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(b)  # [1, 2, 3] (bは変更されない)

a = [3, 1, 2]
print(sorted(a))  # [1, 2, 3]
print(a)  # [1, 2, 3] or [3, 1, 2] (???)

a.sort()
print(a)  # [1, 2, 3]

print(0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3)  # False (???)
print(0.1 + 0.2)  # 0.3 ?!?!

import math
print(math.isclose(0.1 + 0.2, 0.3))  # True

print("" or "Hello")  # Hello
print("0" or "Hello")  # 0 or "Hello" (???)

print(max(["a", "b", "c"]))  # c

print(sum(["a", "b", "c"]))  # TypeError (???)

print(list(range(5)))  # [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

print("hello"[slice(5)])  # hello (???)
print("hello"[slice(None, 5)])  # hello (???)
print("hello"[slice(5, None)])  # (空文字)

s = set("hello world")
print(s)

from collections import OrderedDict
ordered_set = "".join(OrderedDict.fromkeys("hello world"))
print(ordered_set)

d = {"a": 1, "b": 2}

print(d.keys())  # dict_keys(['a', 'b'])
print(type(d.keys()))  # 
print(list(d.keys()))  # ['a', 'b'] (明示的にリスト化)

タグ ：

#Python

#プログラミング

import random
from collections import Counter
from itertools import combinations

# ポーカーの役
POKER_HANDS = {
    0: "ハイカード",
    1: "ワンペア",
    2: "ツーペア",
    3: "スリーカード",
    4: "ストレート",
    5: "フラッシュ",
    6: "フルハウス",
    7: "フォーカード",
    8: "ストレートフラッシュ",
    9: "ロイヤルストレートフラッシュ"
}

# カードのランクとスート（HA=ハートのエース, D2=ダイヤの2）
RANKS = "23456789TJQKA"
SUITS = "HDSC"  # ハート, ダイヤ, スペード, クラブ
DECK = [s + r for r in RANKS for s in SUITS]

# 役の評価（スコアをタプルで返す）
def evaluate_hand(hand):
    ranks = sorted([RANKS.index(c[1]) for c in hand], reverse=True)
    suits = [c[0] for c in hand]
    rank_counts = Counter(ranks)
    flush = len(set(suits)) == 1
    straight = len(rank_counts) == 5 and (max(ranks) - min(ranks) == 4 or set(ranks) == {12, 3, 2, 1, 0})  # A-2-3-4-5対応

    # 役の判定（同率はRankで比較）
    if straight and flush:
        if set(ranks) == {12, 11, 10, 9, 8}:  # A, K, Q, J, 10
            return (9, max(ranks))  # ロイヤルストレートフラッシュ
        return (8, max(ranks)) # ストレートフラッシュ
    if 4 in rank_counts.values():
        return (7, max(k for k, v in rank_counts.items() if v == 4))  # フォーカード
    if 3 in rank_counts.values() and 2 in rank_counts.values():
        return (6, max(k for k, v in rank_counts.items() if v == 3))  # フルハウス
    if flush:
        return (5, ranks)  # フラッシュ
    if straight:
        return (4, max(ranks))  # ストレート
    if 3 in rank_counts.values():
        return (3, max(k for k, v in rank_counts.items() if v == 3))  # スリーカード
    if list(rank_counts.values()).count(2) == 2:
        return (2, sorted([k for k, v in rank_counts.items() if v == 2], reverse=True))  # ツーペア
    if 2 in rank_counts.values():
        return (1, max(k for k, v in rank_counts.items() if v == 2))  # ワンペア
    return (0, ranks)  # ハイカード

# モンテカルロ法で勝率計算
def monte_carlo_win_rate(my_hand, num_simulations=10000):
    wins = 0
    user_num = 3
    for _ in range(num_simulations):
        deck = DECK.copy()
        for card in my_hand:
            deck.remove(card)

        # 4人分の手札をランダムに配る
        random.shuffle(deck)
        opponent_hands = [deck[i * 2: (i + 1) * 2] for i in range(user_num)]
        community_cards = deck[6:11]

        # 各プレイヤーのベストハンドを評価
        my_best = max(evaluate_hand(list(comb)) for comb in combinations(my_hand + community_cards, 5))
        opponent_best = [max(evaluate_hand(list(comb)) for comb in combinations(hand + community_cards, 5)) for hand in opponent_hands]

        # 自分が最も強い手を持っているか判定
        if my_best > max(opponent_best):
            wins += 1

    return wins / num_simulations

# 例: 自分の手札をセットして勝率を計算
my_hand = ["HA", "HK"]  # ハートのエース・キング
win_rate = monte_carlo_win_rate(my_hand, num_simulations=5000)
print(f"勝率: {win_rate:.2%}")

RANKS = "23456789TJQKA"
H_DECK = [s + r for r in RANKS for s in "H"]
D_DECK = [s + r for r in RANKS for s in "D"]
combi = [[h, d] for h in H_DECK for d in D_DECK]
result = {":".join(c):0 for c in combi}
for my_hand in combi:
  result[":".join(my_hand)] = monte_carlo_win_rate(my_hand, num_simulations=5000)

import pandas as pd
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# キーのソート用の関数
def get_rank_order(card):
    return RANKS.index(card[1])

# キーを分離してデータフレームを作成
data_list = []
for key, value in result.items():
    row_key, col_key = key.split(':')
    data_list.append({'row': row_key, 'col': col_key, 'value': value})

df = pd.DataFrame(data_list)
unique_rows = sorted(df['row'].unique(), key=get_rank_order)
unique_cols = sorted(df['col'].unique(), key=get_rank_order)

# ピボットテーブルを作成
pivot_df = df.pivot(index='row', columns='col', values='value')

# インデックスと列を順序通りに並び替え
pivot_df = pivot_df.reindex(index=unique_rows, columns=unique_cols)

# ヒートマップの作成
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))
sns.heatmap(pivot_df,
            cmap='RdYlGn',
            vmin=0,
            vmax=1,
            annot=True,
            fmt='.2f',
            cbar_kws={'label': 'Value'})

plt.title('Win rate for first hand combination')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

タグ ：

#プログラミング

#Python

#ポーカー

#テキサスホールデム

#確率

#シミュレーション

import random

headers = ["ターン数", "選択プレイヤー", "選択数字", "電気プレイヤー", "仕掛数字", "結果", "P1得点", "P2得点", "P1電気回数", "P2電気回数", "残り椅子"]

class ElectricChairGame:
    def __init__(self):
        self.chairs = {i: i for i in range(1, 13)}
        self.player_scores = [0, 0]
        self.electric_fails = [0, 0]
        self.current_player = 0
        self.electrified_chair = None

    def choose_chair(self, chair_number):
        # 選択した数字と電気椅子の数字が一致する場合のみ電気椅子確定
        if chair_number == self.electrified_chair:
            self.electric_fails[self.current_player] += 1
            self.player_scores[self.current_player] = 0
            return "電気椅子"
        else:
            points = self.chairs[chair_number]
            self.player_scores[self.current_player] += points
            del self.chairs[chair_number]
            return "得点獲得"

    def set_electric(self, chair_number):
        self.electrified_chair = chair_number
        return True

    def check_game_end(self):
        message = ["", ""]
        for player in range(2):
            if self.electric_fails[player] >= 3:
                winner = 2 if player == 0 else 1
                message = [winner, "電気椅子3回"]
                return True, message
            if self.player_scores[player] >= 40:
                winner = player + 1
                message = [winner, "スコア40"]
                return True, message

        if len(self.chairs) == 1:
            winner = 1 if self.player_scores[0] > self.player_scores[1] else 2
            message = [winner, "スコア差"]
            return True, message

        return False, message

def simulate_game(echo=False):
    game = ElectricChairGame()
    turn,selecting_player = 1,1
    results = []
    while True:
        # 電気椅子設置
        electric_player = 2 if selecting_player == 1 else 1
        electric_choice = random.choice(list(game.chairs.keys()))
        game.set_electric(electric_choice)

        # 椅子選択
        chair_choice = random.choice(list(game.chairs.keys()))
        game.current_player = selecting_player - 1
        result = game.choose_chair(chair_choice)

        # ログ出力
        log_line = [
            turn,
            selecting_player,
            chair_choice,
            electric_player,
            electric_choice,
            result,
            game.player_scores[0],
            game.player_scores[1],
            game.electric_fails[0],
            game.electric_fails[1],
            sorted(list(game.chairs.keys()))
        ]
        results.append(log_line)
        # ゲーム終了判定
        game_end, message = game.check_game_end()
        if game_end:
          if message[0]==1:
              win_score = game.player_scores[0]
          else:
              win_score = game.player_scores[1]
          message+=[turn ,
            win_score,
            game.player_scores[0],
            game.player_scores[1],
            game.electric_fails[0],
            game.electric_fails[1],
            len(list(game.chairs.keys()))]
          if echo:
            print(", ".join(headers))
            for log_line in results:
              print(log_line)
            print(f"ゲーム終了: 勝利プレイヤー : {message[0]}, 勝因 : {message[1]}")
          return message, results

        # プレイヤー交代
        selecting_player = 2 if selecting_player == 1 else 1
        turn += 1

message, log_line = simulate_game(True)

game_result, game_los = [], []
for i in range(10000):
  message, log_line = simulate_game()
  game_result.append([i+1] + message)
  for log in log_line:
    game_los.append([i+1] + log)

import pandas as pd
cols = ["ゲーム数", "勝利プレイヤー", "勝因","ターン数","獲得点数","P1得点", "P2得点", "P1電気回数", "P2電気回数", "残椅子個数"]
game_result_df = pd.DataFrame(game_result, columns=cols)
game_log_df = pd.DataFrame(game_los, columns=["ゲーム数"] + headers)

game_result_df.head()

タグ ：

#プログラミング

#Python

#水曜日のダウンタウン

#電気椅子ゲーム

#シミュレーション